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‘Thou Shalt Not Kill’: Missionaries in Asia during the World Wars, 1914-1946

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Army of Africa soldiers from Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco included indigenous people and white French colonials. The soldiers are seen marching through the street.

War Material in the USPG Archives, 1914-1946

The senior of the four men read out to me in English, "You are arrested on suspicion under the provisions of the safety of the Realm Act". I thought "Oh"
Bishop S. Heaslett, Bishop S. Heaslett's account of his war experiences, 1941-1942; img 6

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Explore the experience of missionaries who found themselves on the wrong side of the World Wars

British internees buy their first newspapers on arriving in Hong Kong City after leaving Stanley Civil Internment Camp.

This collection contains first hand accounts by missionaries attached to The Propagation of the Gospel (SPG) both during peacetime and the turmoil of the World Wars. The SPG was a Church of England missionary organisation active across the world in the spreading of Christianity during the colonial period.

The subject matter largely pertains to SPG missionaries' experience of Japanese expansionism during the Second World War. Missionaries had a range of penal punishments brought against them, including internment, house arrest, and assignment to work camps. Others attached to the SPG fled their assigned countries by any means necessary. As such, the collection offers both personal experiences of the Second World War, as well as how the SPG as an organisation coped with its intrusion. Missionaries’ accounts from Japan, Burma (modern day Myanmar), China, Singapore, and Malaysia are the main focus of the collection.

Contents

‘Thou Shalt Not Kill’: Missionaries in Asia during the World Wars, 1914-1946...

War Material in the USPG Archives, 1914-1946

Discover 
Maharaja of Patiala visits the Western Front

Volumes

Licensed to access Burma - Missionary Accounts, 1942-1946

These papers contain a clear focus upon the fate of missionaries who were in Burma when the Second World War...

Licensed to access China - Prior to and during the Second World War, 1936-1946

These accounts of life in China cover both peacetime challenges between world wars and missionary life in China during the...

Licensed to access Japan - Collection of papers from H.P. Thompson, 1941-1945

These assorted accounts of internment provide details of what happened to missionaries from the moment of arrest until their release....

Licensed to access Malaysia - Labuan and Sarawak, 1941-1945

These papers from Malaysia were collected by H.P. Thompson. There are more accounts of escaping the Japanese invasion in these...

Licensed to access Singapore - Collection of papers from H.P. Thompson, 1942-1945

Containing a range of annecdotal accounts from those captured and held in Singapore during the Second World War, these papers...

Licensed to access SPG - Staff and The War, 1918-1940

These assorted records cover two core themes, the SPG Special Wartime Committee Minute Book addresses how the SPG were able...

Licensed to access Misc - World War Notes and Armistice Pamphlets, 1914-1946

With a focus upon the Second World War, these papers include the log book where sightings of planes, from both...

Insights

  • World War Notes and Armistice Pamphlets' include a plane spotter's guide from World War Two. The recorded sightings within it include times, dates, directions, distances, and times of 'all clear'.
  • The USPG missionaries working in Asia often found themselves in the wrong place when World War Two broke-out. Their wartime reports are from Myanmar, China, Japan, Malaysia, and Singapore.
  • The Asian missionaries' reports reveal a range of experiences. Some describe evacuation and moving to escape military advances, others include experiences of capture and internment.
  • SPG - Staff and The War' covers two different periods. The Wartime Committee Minute Book describes how the SPG adapted to World War Two; the list of staff locations also covers 1918-1939.
An illustration of a logging camp on Sproat's Lake, Vancouver Island

Licensed to access Canada in Records from Colonial Missionaries, 1722-1952

1722   1952
Person holding a holy bible and cross in their hands and praying as the sun rises.

Licensed to access Ghana in Records from Colonial Missionaries, 1886-1951

1886   1951
An image of a Māori statue, created by Māori people, who are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand. Behind the statue is a mountain range.

Licensed to access New Zealand & Polynesian Records from Colonial Missionaries, 1838-1958

1838   1958
Sculpture of enslaved people dedicated to victims of slavery in Stone Town, Zanzibar, Tanzania.

Licensed to access Tanzania and Malawi in Records from Colonial Missionaries, 1857-1965

1857   1965
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